what causes ringworms and how to prevent them
COVID-nineteen: Prevention, Symptoms and Treatments
COVID-19 is a illness caused by a virus called severe astute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Experts identified the beginning cases in late 2019, and the World Wellness Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic in March 2020.
This novel (new) coronavirus belongs to the same family of viruses as the ane that causes the common cold. Coronaviruses get their name from the Latin word "corona," which means "crown." This is because of the crown-shaped spike proteins on the surface of the virus.
The COVID-19 pandemic has had an immense impact on the entire world. Millions of people have died, and millions more are living with lingering health furnishings of the disease. Fortunately, the scientific community was able to mobilize quickly and develop safe, effective vaccines to help stop the spread of COVID-xix. Simply it's still important to accept prevention steps and exist enlightened of the symptoms and risk factors for the virus.
Symptoms of COVID-19 tin can vary from person to person. Some people get very sick, while some have merely mild symptoms or no symptoms at all. If yous have the virus just you don't take any symptoms, yous're "asymptomatic" — but yous can even so spread it to other people.
Symptoms may take anywhere from ii to 14 days to announced. This means that you might not notice symptoms for two weeks, but yous may notwithstanding spread the virus to other people during that time.
Common COVID-19 symptoms include:
- Fever or chills
- Coughing
- Shortness of breath or problem breathing
- Fatigue (feeling very tired)
- Loss of taste or smell
- Headache or torso aches
- Nasal congestion or runny nose
- Sore throat
- Nausea, airsickness or diarrhea
Although well-nigh people have simply mild to moderate COVID-nineteen symptoms, it can too cause severe complications and even expiry. Severe complications include:
- Pneumonia and astute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
- Heart and kidney issues
- Blood clots
- Organ failure
I Take Symptoms of COVID-19. What Should I Do?
Most people have balmy to moderate symptoms and can recover at habitation. If you take mild COVID-nineteen symptoms, like to a cold or flu, take these steps:
- Stay dwelling house and away from other people for at least five days from when your symptoms first started. If yous live with other people, endeavour to separate yourself from them as much every bit possible. Stay in a divide room and vesture a mask when you're almost other people. Just exit your home to get medical care or to get tested.
- Get tested. You lot can get at-abode tests online or over the counter from your local pharmacy. They're easy to use and provide rapid results, and testing at home tin limit the number of people yous come in contact with. If y'all test positive, continue to isolate at home for at to the lowest degree five days from when your symptoms kickoff started.
- Tell your shut contacts. If you were around other people in the two days before your symptoms started, let them know that you're sick. That fashion, they can become tested and avert spreading the virus to others.
- Intendance for yourself by resting, drinking plenty of fluids and using over-the-counter medicines (similar Advil or Tylenol) every bit needed.
- Talk with your doc virtually whatever symptoms you're concerned about and go on track of how you're feeling twenty-four hour period to twenty-four hours. Always call ahead before visiting the physician. You may be able to do a telehealth visit instead.
If you or someone else has any of the post-obit emergency symptoms, get help right away:
- Trouble breathing
- Pain or pressure in your chest that doesn't go away
- Confusion (new mental confusion that'south not normal for you)
- Inability to wake up or to stay awake
- Pale, gray or blue coloring on your skin, lips or nail beds (colour will depend on your peel tone)
These are signs of a medical emergency. Call 911 or get to the nearest emergency room right abroad.
Am I At Higher Risk for Severe COVID-19?
Anyone can get sick from COVID-nineteen — even salubrious children and young adults. But it'southward more than probable to cause severe illness in older adults and people with underlying wellness conditions, including:
- Asthma or other chronic lung conditions
- Cancer
- Dementia or other nervous organization conditions
- Diabetes
- Heart, liver or kidney weather
- HIV or other immune system issues
- Sickle cell disease or thalassemia
- Tuberculosis
You're too at college chance of getting seriously ill from Covid-xix if you:
- Are meaning
- Are overweight or have obesity
- Smoke or used to smoke
- Have had an organ transplant
- Have a mental health or substance utilize condition
If you or someone you live with is at higher risk for COVID-19, information technology'south of import to take steps to avoid getting infected — like getting vaccinated and wearing masks when you're out in public.
How Do People Get COVID-19?
COVID-nineteen is highly contagious — it spreads very easily from person to person. The virus mainly spreads through the air.
When someone with COVID-19 breathes, talks, coughs or sneezes, they release virus into the air on tiny droplets or even tinier aerosol particles. You can get infected if you breathe in these droplets and particles — or if they land in your eyes, nose or rima oris.
Droplets settle out of the air adequately quickly, but droplets particles can stay in the air for hours. That's why COVID-19 spreads very hands in indoor spaces without good ventilation. Y'all tin also get COVID-19 if y'all touch a surface with virus droplets on it, and so touch your eyes, nose or mouth.
How Tin can I Protect Myself and Others from COVID-19?
The best style to protect yourself and other people is to get vaccinated.
COVID-19 vaccines have been scientifically proven to be safety and constructive and the real-world results also provide additional evidence of their effectiveness. Vaccinated people have a much lower chance of getting COVID-19 — and if you do get sick after getting vaccinated, you're much less likely to get severely ill or to die. Vaccines also arrive less likely that you'll spread the virus to other people.
Vaccines are currently available for all adults and for children ages five and older. Vaccines for children younger than five are currently in development. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has authorized iii COVID-nineteen vaccines for use in the United states of america: Pfizer, Moderna and Johnson & Johnson. Experts recommend that people get either the Pfizer or Moderna vaccine as a first selection, if they're available.
Both the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines demand two doses, several months apart. You'll likewise need a booster dose six months later to keep your immunity as potent equally possible. Experts may recommend more booster doses as new COVID-19 variants spread, but the electric current vaccines nonetheless provide very good protection from the worst effects of the disease.
You tin also take these steps to protect yourself and those effectually you:
- Vesture a mask that covers your nose and oral fissure in indoor public spaces.
- Avert crowds and public indoor spaces without proficient ventilation.
- Get tested or utilise calm tests to avoid spreading the virus to others.
- Wash your hands regularly with soap and water.
How Is COVID-nineteen Diagnosed?
If you lot have symptoms of COVID-19 or you lot've been in shut contact with someone who has tested positive, you'll need a test to detect out if you have the virus. At that place are ii main types of tests for COVID-19:
- Molecular tests — these tests look for the genetic fabric of the virus. They're very accurate, but they oft demand to be processed past a lab, and results tin can accept several days. The most common type is a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test.
- Rapid antigen tests — these tests look for specific viral proteins. They're non as accurate equally PCR tests, just they're quick and easy to exercise with at-home testing kits.
Both types of test apply a nose or pharynx swab or a saliva sample. You can go both kinds at many locations, including a md'due south part, pharmacy or a community testing site. Yous can also get at-dwelling testing kits online or over the counter at pharmacies.
What Are the Treatments for COVID-19?
Almost people take only mild affliction and recover from COVID-19 without needing any treatment. If you have mild symptoms, you tin effort over-the-counter medicines like fever reducers and cough syrups. Even with mild symptoms, it's still very important to get plenty of rest and to stay hydrated — and to stay abroad from other people so you don't become them ill.
People with severe COVID-19 may need to stay in the hospital and get supplemental oxygen or even a ventilator to assistance them breathe. Doctors may also utilize steroids and other medicines to treat astringent COVID-19 symptoms — only there's currently no cure and few effective treatments for COVID-19.
So far, the FDA has only fully approved one drug to treat COVID-19: the antiviral drug remdesivir. The FDA has also allowed doctors to apply several other treatments under an Emergency Use Authority. These include:
- Monoclonal antibiotic therapies that can help the allowed system respond to COVID-xix
- Paxlovid and molnupiravir, ii types of antiviral pills
Researchers are working to develop more effective treatments for COVID-19. In the meantime, the best way to protect yourself and others is to get vaccinated and wear masks in indoor public spaces.
Your Next Steps
Think, the get-go step in protecting yourself and others from COVID-19 is to get vaccinated right away. If yous're non vaccinated notwithstanding, use this tool to find a vaccine appointment nigh you.
Wearing your mask in indoor public spaces is too primal to stopping the spread of the virus. Masks assist protect you and make it less likely that you'll spread the virus to others. And keep on washing your hands and fugitive crowded spaces.
And if yous think you may have COVID-xix, talk with your doctor about your symptoms — and stay abroad from other people to avoid spreading the virus.
Resource Links:
- "How to Protect Yourself & Others" via Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
- "Symptoms of COVID-xix" via CDC
- "What to Do If Y'all Are Sick" via CDC
- "Quarantine and Isolation" via CDC
- "Coronavirus Disease 2019 Testing Basics" via Food and Drug Assistants
- "Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard" via World Health Organization
Source: https://www.symptomfind.com/health-conditions/covid19-condition?utm_content=params%3Ao%3D740013%26ad%3DdirN%26qo%3DserpIndex
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